EnneaFoxStart the assessment

Can the Enneagram be used for hiring?

By EnneaFox editorial teamReviewed

Short answer

No. The Enneagram should not be used to hire, screen, promote, or reject anyone. There is no evidence that Enneagram type predicts job performance, different tests often give the same person different types, and candidates can easily answer to look like a desired type. Using it in selection risks unfair decisions. Teams can use it voluntarily for conversation instead.

Four reasons not to

1. It does not predict performance

2. The result is not stable enough

If a candidate could be a 3 on one test and a 7 on another, a hiring decision built on type is built on noise.

3. Candidates can shape their answers

Enneagram items are mostly transparent. A candidate applying for a sales role who has heard that 3s and 7s are energetic and outgoing can steer toward those answers. A self-report tool used for a high-stakes decision invites exactly the answering style that makes it least informative.

4. It can be unfair

Labeling candidates by type invites stereotypes: "we already have too many 5s," or "a 9 will not push back enough." Those judgments may also correlate with protected characteristics in ways nobody intended. Employment law in many places restricts unvalidated selection tools, so organizations considering one should get qualified legal advice.

What to use instead

Better options for hiring decisions
Instead ofUse
Guessing fit from typeStructured interviews with the same questions for every candidate
Assuming a type will be a strong leaderEvidence of past leadership behavior and references
Screening for an "ideal" typeWork samples or tasks that mirror the real job
Type-based team balancingClear role requirements agreed before reviewing anyone

Where the Enneagram can fit at work

Some teams find the Enneagram helpful after people are hired, as a way to talk about how they prefer to work, what drains them, and how they react under pressure. A manager who learns that a team member shuts down during heated meetings can adjust how feedback is given. That kind of use can be worthwhile when it follows a few rules.

  • Participation is voluntary, and nobody has to share their type.
  • Type is never recorded in performance or personnel files.
  • No one is assigned work, praised, or criticized because of a number.
  • The conversation is about preferences and needs, not ranking people.

If your company already uses it

If you work somewhere that asks staff to take an Enneagram test, you can reasonably ask how results are stored, who sees them, and whether participation is optional. A manager who means well may not realize that sharing type feels personal to some people, or that type can quietly color how colleagues are judged. Raising those questions politely is often enough to set healthier norms for the whole team.

A scenario to avoid

A small company asks every finalist to take a free online Enneagram test. The hiring manager, who has read that 3s are driven, quietly favors the candidate who tested as a 3 over one who tested as a 9, even though the 9 had stronger references and a better work sample. Six months later, the decision looks shaky, and nobody can explain it on the merits. Everything in that story is avoidable by keeping type out of the process entirely and judging candidates on evidence about the job.

Frequently asked questions

Is it legal to use the Enneagram in hiring?

Rules vary by country and state, and unvalidated selection tools can create legal risk. Any organization considering it should consult an employment lawyer, and the evidence does not support doing it.

Can I ask a candidate their Enneagram type?

You should not. It invites stereotyping and pressures candidates to share something personal that has no proven bearing on the job.

Is the Enneagram useful for team building?

Some teams find it useful for conversation when participation is voluntary and no one is labeled or evaluated by type.

Are other personality tests better for hiring?

Some well-researched trait measures have modest predictive value, but even they are debated, and they should never be the only factor.

Sources

  1. Sutton, A., Allinson, C., & Williams, H. (2013). Personality type and work-related outcomes: An exploratory application of the Enneagram model. European Management Journal, 31(3), 234-249. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2012.12.004
  2. Morgeson, F. P., Campion, M. A., Dipboye, R. L., Hollenbeck, J. R., Murphy, K., & Schmitt, N. (2007). Reconsidering the use of personality tests in personnel selection contexts. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 683-729. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00089.x
  3. Hook, J. N., Hall, T. W., Davis, D. E., Van Tongeren, D. R., & Conner, M. (2021). The Enneagram: A systematic review of the literature and directions for future research. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 77(4), 865-883. doi:10.1002/jclp.23097